В рамках данного руководства на сервисных маршрутизаторах ESR настраивается ряд сервисов, обеспечивающих работу каналов связи между офисами. Рассмотрим конкретные команды просмотра оперативной информации, которые могут быть полезны при мониторинге и отладке собранной схемы сети.

Просмотр оперативной информации о состоянии модема

Команда «show cellular status modem» отображает состояние подключенных модемов. Команда «show cellular status modem 1» отображает детальную информацию о состоянии «1» сконфигурированного модема:

show cellular status modem
esr# show cellular status modem 
Number   USB port   Manufacturer   Model        Current state   Inteface          Link    
device                                                                            state   
------   --------   ------------   ----------   -------------   ---------------   -----   
1        3-1        huawei         E8372        connected       modem1            Up      

esr# 
esr# show cellular status modem 1
Device '1' status information:
  USB device:              3-1
  Inteface:                modem1
  Link state:              Up
  Mode:                    stick
  Manufacturer:            huawei
  Model:                   E8372
  Revision:                21.329.63.00.778
  IMEI:                    866649043430427
  Status SIM lock:         --
  Status unlock retries:   sim-pin (3) sim-pin2 (3) sim-puk (10) sim-puk2 (10) 
  Current state:           connected
  Access tech:             UMTS
  Signal level:            54
  Support modes:
    allowed 2G; preferred none;
    allowed 3G; preferred none;
    allowed 4G; preferred none;
    allowed 2G 3G 4G; preferred none;
  Allowed modes:           2G 3G 4G
  Preferred modes:         none
  Type IP:                 IPv4
  Operator name:           MegaFon
  Registration:            home
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
esr# 

Просмотр оперативной информации о туннелях IPsec

Команда «show security ike proposal» отображает настроенные в конфигурации наборы криптографических алгоритмов, используемые при построении сессий протокола IKE. Указание имени набора отобразит более подробную информацию о содержимом набора:

show security ike proposal
RT-HUB-1# show security ike proposal 
Name           Enc. alg.          DH   Auth. alg.   
------------   ----------------   --   ----------   
DMVPN_IKE_PR   aes256             19   sha2-256     
OP_1                                                

RT-HUB-1#
show security ike proposal <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ike proposal DMVPN_IKE_PROP_1 
Description:                DMVPN | IKE proposal #1
Encryption algorithm:       aes256
Diffie-Hellman group:       19
Authentication algorithm:   sha2-256
RT-HUB-1# 

Команда «show security ike policy» отображает настроенные в конфигурации политики IKE. Указание имени политики отобразит более подробную информацию о содержимом политики:

show security ike policy
RT-HUB-1# show security ike policy 
Name                   Description           Mode         Auth.     Proposal                              
                                                          method                                          
--------------------   -------------------   ----------   -------   -----------------------------------   
DMVPN_IKE_POL          DMVPN | IKE policy    main         keyring   DMVPN_IKE_PROP_1                      
RT-HUB-1#
show security ike policy <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ike policy DMVPN_IKE_POL 
Description:       DMVPN | IKE policy
Mode:              main
Authentication method:      keyring
Lifetime seconds:  86400s
Proposal: 
    DMVPN_IKE_PROP_1
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show security ike gateway» отображает настроенные в конфигурации криптошлюзы IKE. Указание имени криптошлюза отобразит более подробную информацию о настройках криптошлюза:

show security ike gateway
RT-HUB-1# show security ike gateway 
Name               Description                      IKE Policy                            
----------------   ------------------------------   -----------------------------------   
DMVPN_IKE_GW       DMVPN | IKE gateway              DMVPN_IKE_POL                         
RT-HUB-1#
show security ike gateway <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ike gateway DMVPN_IKE_GW 
Description:                DMVPN | IKE gateway
IKE Policy:                 DMVPN_IKE_POL
IKE Version:                v2-only
Mode:                       policy-based
Binding interface:          --
IKE Dead Peer Detection:
    Action:                 clear
    Interval:               40
    Timeout:                160
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show security ipsec proposal» отображает настроенные в конфигурации наборы криптографических алгоритмов, используемые при построении сессий протоколов AH или ESP. Указание имени набора отобразит более подробную информацию о содержимом набора:

show security ipsec proposal
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec proposal 
Name                    Prot   Enc. alg.          Auth. alg.   PFS dh-group   
---------------------   ----   ----------------   ----------   ------------   
DMVPN_IPSEC_PROP_1      esp    aes256             sha2-256     19             
RT-HUB-1#
show security ipsec proposal <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec proposal DMVPN_IPSEC_PROP_1 
Description:                DMVPN | IPsec proposal #1
Protocol:                   esp
Encryption algorithm:       aes256
Authentication algorithm:   sha2-256
PFS dh-group:               19
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show security ipsec policy» отображает настроенные в конфигурации политики для сессии протоколов AH или ESP. Указание имени политики отобразит более подробную информацию о содержимом политики:

show security ipsec policy
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec policy 
Name                   Description           Proposal                              
--------------------   -------------------   -----------------------------------   
DMVPN_IPSEC_POL        DMVPN | IPsec         DMVPN_IPSEC_PROP_1                    
                       policy                                                      

RT-HUB-1#
show security ipsec policy <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec policy DMVPN_IPSEC_POL 
Description:        DMVPN | IPsec policy
Lifetime seconds:   28800s
Lifetime packets:   --
Lifetime kilobytes: 4608000
Proposal: 
    DMVPN_IPSEC_PROP_1
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show security ipsec vpn configuration» отображает настроенные в конфигурации VPN-профили. Указание имени VPN-профиля отобразит более подробную информацию о настройках VPN-профиля:

show security ipsec vpn configuration
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec vpn configuration 
Name               Description                      State      
----------------   ------------------------------   --------   
DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN    DMVPN | IPsec VPN profile        Enabled    
RT-HUB-1#
show security ipsec vpn configuration <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec vpn configuration DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN 
VRF:                        ISP_1
Description:                DMVPN | IPsec VPN profile
State:                      Enabled
IKE: 
    Establish tunnel:           route
    IPsec policy:               DMVPN_IPSEC_POL
    IKE gateway:                DMVPN_IKE_GW
    IKE DSCP:                   63
    IKE idle-time:              0s
    IKE rekeying:               Enabled
        Margin time:                3600s
        Margin kilobytes:           86400
        Margin packets:             0
        Randomization:              100%
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show security ipsec vpn status» отображает активные IPsec-туннели. Указание имени VPN-профиля отобразит более подробную информацию об IPsec-туннелях, построенных на базе этого VPN-профиля. Для отображения активных туннелей в VRF необходимо добавить соответствующий модификатор:

show security ipsec vpn status vrf ISP
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec vpn status vrf ISP_1 
Name                              Local host        Remote host       Initiator spi        Responder spi        State         
-------------------------------   ---------------   ---------------   ------------------   ------------------   -----------   
DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN                   10.0.0.2          203.0.115.2       0x060c25afd64b4af9   0xe098c56c4fbcc90d   Established   
DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN                   10.0.0.2          203.0.114.2       0x7be4dd13b45a79de   0x7cc308ff27b8bb02   Established   
DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN                   10.0.0.2          203.0.114.130     0x933d1a3ef9ecdd68   0xa23c893323d42ee1   Established   
RT-HUB-1#
show security ipsec vpn status vrf ISP <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec vpn status vrf ISP_1 DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN 
Currently active IKE SA:
    Name:                            DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN
    State:                           Established
    Version:                         v2-only
    Unique ID:                       60
    Local host:                      10.0.0.2
    Remote host:                     203.0.115.2
    Role:                            Responder
    Initiator spi:                   0x060c25afd64b4af9
    Responder spi:                   0xe098c56c4fbcc90d
    Encryption algorithm:            aes256
    Authentication algorithm:        sha2-256
    Diffie-Hellman group:            19
    Established (d,h:m:s):           00,02:58:39 ago
    Rekey time (d,h:m:s):            00,00:00:00
    Reauthentication time (d,h:m:s): 00,19:33:51
    Child IPsec SAs:
        Name:                            DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN-161
        State:                           Installed
        Protocol:                        esp
        Mode:                            Transport
        Encryption algorithm:            aes256
        Authentication algorithm:        sha2-256
        Rekey time (d,h:m:s):            00,03:20:28
        Life time (d,h:m:s):             00,05:01:21
        Established (d,h:m:s):           00,02:58:39 ago
        Traffic statistics: 
            Input bytes:                 819517
            Output bytes:                822697
            Input packets:               13507
            Output packets:              13509
        -------------------------------------------------------------
Currently active IKE SA:
    Name:                            DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN
    State:                           Established
    Version:                         v2-only
    Unique ID:                       62
    Local host:                      10.0.0.2
    Remote host:                     203.0.114.2
    Role:                            Responder
    Initiator spi:                   0x7be4dd13b45a79de
    Responder spi:                   0x7cc308ff27b8bb02
    Encryption algorithm:            aes256
    Authentication algorithm:        sha2-256
    Diffie-Hellman group:            19
    Established (d,h:m:s):           00,02:55:31 ago
    Rekey time (d,h:m:s):            00,00:00:00
    Reauthentication time (d,h:m:s): 00,19:52:09
    Child IPsec SAs:
        Name:                            DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN-163
        State:                           Installed
        Protocol:                        esp
        Mode:                            Transport
        Encryption algorithm:            aes256
        Authentication algorithm:        sha2-256
        Rekey time (d,h:m:s):            00,03:27:35
        Life time (d,h:m:s):             00,05:04:29
        Established (d,h:m:s):           00,02:55:31 ago
        Traffic statistics: 
            Input bytes:                 809459
            Output bytes:                810061
            Input packets:               13312
            Output packets:              13281
        -------------------------------------------------------------
Currently active IKE SA:
    Name:                            DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN
    State:                           Established
    Version:                         v2-only
    Unique ID:                       63
    Local host:                      10.0.0.2
    Remote host:                     203.0.114.130
    Role:                            Responder
    Initiator spi:                   0x933d1a3ef9ecdd68
    Responder spi:                   0xa23c893323d42ee1
    Encryption algorithm:            aes256
    Authentication algorithm:        sha2-256
    Diffie-Hellman group:            19
    Established (d,h:m:s):           00,01:09:08 ago
    Rekey time (d,h:m:s):            00,00:00:00
    Reauthentication time (d,h:m:s): 00,21:39:03
    Child IPsec SAs:
        Name:                            DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN-164
        State:                           Installed
        Protocol:                        esp
        Mode:                            Transport
        Encryption algorithm:            aes256
        Authentication algorithm:        sha2-256
        Rekey time (d,h:m:s):            00,04:56:06
        Life time (d,h:m:s):             00,06:50:52
        Established (d,h:m:s):           00,01:09:08 ago
        Traffic statistics: 
            Input bytes:                 315018
            Output bytes:                315097
            Input packets:               5206
            Output packets:              5200
        -------------------------------------------------------------
RT-HUB-1#
Команда «show security ipsec vpn authentication» отображает для активных IPsec-туннелей селекторы трафика, которые должен попадать в туннель, и используемый механизм аутентификации. Для отображения информации об IPsec-туннелях в VRF необходимо добавить соответствующий модификатор:


show security ipsec vpn authentication vrf ISP <NAME>
RT-HUB-1# show security ipsec vpn authentication vrf ISP_1 DMVPN_IPSEC_VPN 
Local host        Remote host       Local subnet          Remote subnet         Authentication                              State         
---------------   ---------------   -------------------   -------------------   -----------------------------------------   -----------   
10.0.0.2          203.0.115.2       10.0.0.2/32           203.0.115.2/32        Pre-shared key                              Established   
10.0.0.2          203.0.114.2       10.0.0.2/32           203.0.114.2/32        Pre-shared key                              Established   
10.0.0.2          203.0.114.130     10.0.0.2/32           203.0.114.130/32      Pre-shared key                              Established   
RT-HUB-1#

Просмотр оперативной информации о туннелях GRE

Команда «show tunnels status» с модификатором «gre» отображает состояние настроенных в конфигурации туннелей GRE. Указание номера GRE-туннеля отобразит более подробную информацию о GRE-туннеле:

show tunnels status gre
RT-OFFICE-1# show tunnels status gre
Tunnel             Admin   Link    MTU      Local IP           Remote IP          Last change     
                   state   state                                                  (d,h:m:s)       
----------------   -----   -----   ------   ----------------   ----------------   -------------   
gre 11             Up      Up      1400     203.0.114.2        --                 00,03:21:16     
gre 12             Up      Up      1400     203.0.114.2        --                 00,03:21:16     
RT-OFFICE-1#
show tunnels status gre <NUMBER>
RT-OFFICE-1# show tunnels status gre 11
Tunnel 'gre 11' status information:
 Description:          DMVPN | Cloud 1
 Administrative state: Up
 Operational state:    Up
 Supports broadcast:   No
 Supports multicast:   Yes
 MTU:                  1400
 Last change (d,h:m:s):00,03:23:41
RT-OFFICE-1#

Команда «show tunnels configuration» с модификатором «gre» отображает параметры настроенных в конфигурации туннелей GRE. Указание номера GRE-туннеля отобразит более подробную информацию о GRE-туннеле:

show tunnels configuration gre
RT-OFFICE-1# show tunnels configuration gre
Tunnel             State      Description                      
----------------   --------   ------------------------------   
gre 11             Enabled    DMVPN | Cloud 1                  
gre 12             Enabled    DMVPN | Cloud 2                  

RT-OFFICE-1#
show tunnels configuration gre <NUMBER>
RT-OFFICE-1# show tunnels configuration gre 11
State:                                             Enabled
Description:                                       DMVPN | Cloud 1
Mode:                                              ip
Bridge group:                                      --
VRF:                                               --
Local interface:                                   gigabitethernet 1/0/1
Remote address:                                    --
Calculates checksums for outgoing GRE packets:     No
Requires that all input GRE packets were checksum: No
key:                                               1000
TTL:                                               64
DSCP:                                              Inherit
MTU:                                               1400
Path MTU discovery:                                Enabled
Don't fragment bit suppression:                    Disabled
Security zone:                                     DMVPN_NET
Multipoint mode:                                   Enabled
Keepalive:                                         
    State:                                             Disabled
    Timeout:                                           10
    Retries:                                           6
    Destination address:                               --
RT-OFFICE-1#

Команда «show tunnels counters» с модификатором «gre» отображает счетчики настроенных в конфигурации туннелей GRE. Указание номера GRE-туннеля отобразит более подробную статистику о GRE-туннеле:

show tunnels counters gre
RT-OFFICE-1# show tunnels counters gre
Tunnel             Packets recv     Bytes recv       Errors recv      MC recv          
----------------   --------------   --------------   --------------   --------------   
gre 11             16906            935037           0                0                
gre 12             15604            820817           0                0                

Tunnel             Packets sent     Bytes sent       Errors sent      
----------------   --------------   --------------   --------------   
gre 11             16964            935255           0                
gre 12             15638            821396           0                
RT-OFFICE-1#
show tunnels counters gre <NUMBER>
RT-OFFICE-1# show tunnels counters gre 11
Tunnel 'gre 11' counters:
    Packets received:                 16906
    Bytes received:                   935037
    Dropped on receive:               0
    Receive errors:                   0
    Multicasts received:              0
    Receive length errors:            0
    Receive buffer overflow errors:   0
    Receive CRC errors:               0
    Receive frame errors:             0
    Receive FIFO errors:              0
    Receive missed errors:            0
    Receive compressed:               0
    Packets transmitted:              16964
    Bytes transmitted:                935255
    Dropped on transmit:              0
    Transmit errors:                  0
    Transmit aborted errors:          0
    Transmit carrier errors:          0
    Transmit FIFO errors:             0
    Transmit heartbeat errors:        0
    Transmit window errors:           0
    Transmit comressed:               0
    Collisions:                       0
RT-OFFICE-1#

Просмотр оперативной информации о протоколе NHRP

Команда «show ip nhrp peers» отображает информацию об известных NHRP-соседях. Указание модификатора «detailed» отобразит более подробную информацию о NHRP-соседях:

show ip nhrp peers
RT-OFFICE-1# show ip nhrp peers 
 Flags: E - unique, R - nhs, U - used, L - lower-up
        C - connected, G - group, Q - qos, N - nat
        P - protected, I - Redirect-ignored, X - undefined

Tunnel address         NBMA address       Tunnel      Expire      Created          Type              Flags        
                                                      (h:m:s)     (d,h:m:s)                                       
--------------------   ----------------   ---------   ---------   --------------   ---------------   ----------   
172.16.1.1             203.0.113.4        gre 11      --          00,00:00:50      static            RULCN        
172.16.2.1             203.0.113.132      gre 12      --          00,00:00:50      static            RULCN        
RT-OFFICE-1#
show ip nhrp peers detailed
RT-OFFICE-1# show ip nhrp peers detailed 
Tunnel:                     gre 11
Type:                       static
Tunnel address:             172.16.1.1
NBMA address:               203.0.113.4
NAT-OA address:             10.0.0.2
Flags:                      nhs, used, lower-up, connected, nat
Created (d,h:m:s):          00,00:00:52
Expire (h:m:s):             --
Re-registration in (h:m:s): 00:02:28
IPsec protection:           Disabled
Group:                      --
QoS policy output:          --

Tunnel:                     gre 12
Type:                       static
Tunnel address:             172.16.2.1
NBMA address:               203.0.113.132
NAT-OA address:             10.0.0.10
Flags:                      nhs, used, lower-up, connected, nat
Created (d,h:m:s):          00,00:00:52
Expire (h:m:s):             --
Re-registration in (h:m:s): 00:02:28
IPsec protection:           Disabled
Group:                      --
QoS policy output:          --
RT-OFFICE-1#

Команда «show ip nhrp peers» отображает информацию о созданных временных маршрутах до локальных сетей за удаленным NHRP-соседом. Появление данных маршрутов возможно в третьей фазе DMVPN при построении Spoke-to-Spoke туннелей:

show ip nhrp shortcut-routes
RT-OFFICE-1# show ip nhrp shortcut-routes 
Network                Nexthop            Tunnel      Expire      Created          
                                                      (h:m:s)     (d,h:m:s)        
--------------------   ----------------   ---------   ---------   --------------   
192.168.12.0/24        172.16.1.12        gre 11      00:09:39    00,00:00:20      
192.168.13.0/24        172.16.1.13        gre 11      00:09:52    00,00:00:07      
RT-OFFICE-1#

Команда «show ip route» с модификатором «nhrp» отображает все маршруты, добавленные в результате работы протокола NHRP:

show ip route nhrp
RT-OFFICE-1# show ip route nhrp 
H     * 172.16.1.1/32      [20/0]            dev gre 11                        [nhrp 06:34:49] 
H     * 172.16.2.1/32      [20/0]            dev gre 12                        [nhrp 06:34:49] 
H     * 172.16.1.13/32     [20/0]            dev gre 11                        [nhrp 10:16:43] 
H     * 192.168.12.0/24    [20/0]            via 172.16.1.12 on gre 11         [nhrp 10:16:29] 
H     * 192.168.13.0/24    [20/0]            via 172.16.1.13 on gre 11         [nhrp 10:16:43] 
H     * 172.16.1.12/32     [20/0]            dev gre 11                        [nhrp 10:16:29] 
RT-OFFICE-1#

Просмотр оперативной информации о протоколе BGP

Команда «show bgp summary» отображает краткую информацию об установленных BGP-соседствах, а также объемах анонсируемой и принимаемой маршрутной информации:

show bgp summary
RT-HUB-1# show bgp summary 
2025-06-10 10:35:44
  BGP router identifier 10.0.0.19, local AS number 65001
  BGP activity 5/12 prefixes
  Neighbor                 AS              MsgRcvd      MsgSent      Up/Down      St/PfxRcd
                                                                     (d,h:m:s)                
  ----------------------   -------------   ----------   ----------   ----------   ------------
  10.0.0.18                65500           2137         2179         01,06:56:47   1           
  10.0.0.17                65500           2114         2154         01,06:44:22   1           
  172.16.1.13              65000           285          283          00,04:04:03   1           
  172.16.1.12              65000           281          282          00,04:03:52   1           
  172.16.1.11              65000           276          276          00,04:00:43   1           
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show bgp neighbors» отображает подробную информацию о BGP-соседях:

show bgp neighbors
RT-HUB-1# show bgp neighbors 
BGP neighbor is 10.0.0.17
    Description:                        DMZ | RT-GW-1
    BGP state:                          Established
    Type:                               Static neighbor
    Neighbor address:                   10.0.0.17
    Neighbor AS:                        65500
    Neighbor ID:                        10.0.0.1
    Neighbor caps:                      refresh enhanced-refresh restart-aware AS4
    Session:                            external AS4
    Source address:                     10.0.0.19
    Weight:                             0
    Hold timer:                         111/180
    Keepalive timer:                    12/60
    Peer group:                         DMVPN_LAN
    RR client:                          No
    Address family ipv4 unicast:       
      Send-label:                       No
      Default originate:                No
      Default information originate:    No
      Outgoing route-map:               DMVPN_LAN_OUT
      Preference:                       170
      Remove private AS:                No
      Next-hop self:                    No
      Next-hop unchanged:               No
    Uptime (d,h:m:s):                   01,06:44:34
    BFD address:                        10.0.0.17
    BFD state:                          Up        
    BFD interval:                       1.000 s
    BFD timeout:                        8.000 s
BGP neighbor is 10.0.0.18
    Description:                        DMZ | RT-GW-2
    BGP state:                          Established
    Type:                               Static neighbor
    Neighbor address:                   10.0.0.18
    Neighbor AS:                        65500
    Neighbor ID:                        10.0.0.9
    Neighbor caps:                      refresh enhanced-refresh restart-aware AS4
    Session:                            external AS4
    Source address:                     10.0.0.19
    Weight:                             0
    Hold timer:                         100/180
    Keepalive timer:                    52/60
    Peer group:                         DMVPN_LAN
    RR client:                          No
    Address family ipv4 unicast:       
      Send-label:                       No
      Default originate:                No
      Default information originate:    No
      Outgoing route-map:               DMVPN_LAN_OUT
      Preference:                       170
      Remove private AS:                No
      Next-hop self:                    No
      Next-hop unchanged:               No
    Uptime (d,h:m:s):                   01,06:56:59
    BFD address:                        10.0.0.18
    BFD state:                          Up        
    BFD interval:                       1.000 s
    BFD timeout:                        8.000 s
BGP neighbor is 172.16.1.13
    BGP state:                          Established
    Type:                               Dynamic neighbor
    Listen range prefix:                172.16.1.0/24
    Neighbor address:                   172.16.1.13
    Neighbor AS:                        65000
    Neighbor ID:                        172.16.1.13
    Neighbor caps:                      refresh enhanced-refresh restart-aware AS4
    Session:                            external AS4
    Source address:                     172.16.1.1
    Weight:                             0
    Hold timer:                         157/180
    Keepalive timer:                    19/60
    Peer group:                         DMVPN_NET_1
    RR client:                          No
    Address family ipv4 unicast:       
      Send-label:                       No
      Default originate:                Yes
      Default information originate:    No
      Outgoing route-map:               DMVPN_NET_1_OUT
      Preference:                       170
      Remove private AS:                No
      Next-hop self:                    No
      Next-hop unchanged:               No
    Uptime (d,h:m:s):                   00,04:04:15
    BFD address:                        172.16.1.13
    BFD state:                          Up        
    BFD interval:                       1.000 s
    BFD timeout:                        8.000 s
BGP neighbor is 172.16.1.12
    BGP state:                          Established
    Type:                               Dynamic neighbor
    Listen range prefix:                172.16.1.0/24
    Neighbor address:                   172.16.1.12
    Neighbor AS:                        65000
    Neighbor ID:                        172.16.1.12
    Neighbor caps:                      refresh enhanced-refresh restart-aware AS4
    Session:                            external AS4
    Source address:                     172.16.1.1
    Weight:                             0
    Hold timer:                         94/180
    Keepalive timer:                    4/60
    Peer group:                         DMVPN_NET_1
    RR client:                          No
    Address family ipv4 unicast:       
      Send-label:                       No
      Default originate:                Yes
      Default information originate:    No
      Outgoing route-map:               DMVPN_NET_1_OUT
      Preference:                       170
      Remove private AS:                No
      Next-hop self:                    No
      Next-hop unchanged:               No
    Uptime (d,h:m:s):                   00,04:04:04
    BFD address:                        172.16.1.12
    BFD state:                          Up        
    BFD interval:                       1.000 s
    BFD timeout:                        8.000 s
BGP neighbor is 172.16.1.11
    BGP state:                          Established
    Type:                               Dynamic neighbor
    Listen range prefix:                172.16.1.0/24
    Neighbor address:                   172.16.1.11
    Neighbor AS:                        65000
    Neighbor ID:                        172.16.1.11
    Neighbor caps:                      refresh enhanced-refresh restart-aware AS4
    Session:                            external AS4
    Source address:                     172.16.1.1
    Weight:                             0
    Hold timer:                         123/180
    Keepalive timer:                    32/60
    Peer group:                         DMVPN_NET_1
    RR client:                          No
    Address family ipv4 unicast:       
      Send-label:                       No
      Default originate:                Yes
      Default information originate:    No
      Outgoing route-map:               DMVPN_NET_1_OUT
      Preference:                       170
      Remove private AS:                No
      Next-hop self:                    No
      Next-hop unchanged:               No
    Uptime (d,h:m:s):                   00,04:00:55
    BFD address:                        172.16.1.11
    BFD state:                          Up        
    BFD interval:                       1.000 s
    BFD timeout:                        8.000 s
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show bgp ipv4 unicast» отображает состояние RIB протокола BGP:

show bgp ipv4 unicast
RT-HUB-1# show bgp ipv4 unicast
Status codes: u - unicast, b - broadcast, m - multicast, a - anycast
              * - valid, > - best
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

     Network              Next Hop             Metric  LocPrf      Weight Path        
*> u 0.0.0.0/0            10.0.0.17            100     100         0      65500 i
*  u 0.0.0.0/0            10.0.0.18            200     100         0      65500 i
*> u 192.168.11.0/24      172.16.1.11          --      100         0      65000 i
*> u 192.168.12.0/24      172.16.1.12          --      100         0      65000 i
*> u 192.168.13.0/24      172.16.1.13          --      100         0      65000 i
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor <IP-ADDRESS> routes» отображает принятые от BGP-соседа маршруты:

show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor <IP-ADDRESS> routes
RT-HUB-1# show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor 172.16.1.11 routes 
Status codes: u - unicast, b - broadcast, m - multicast, a - anycast
              * - valid, > - best
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

     Network              Next Hop             Metric  LocPrf      Weight Path        
*> u 192.168.11.0/24      172.16.1.11          --      100         0      65000 i
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor <IP-ADDRESS> advertise-routes» отображает анонсируемые BGP-соседу маршруты:

show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor <IP-ADDRESS> advertise-routes
RT-HUB-1# show bgp ipv4 unicast neighbor 172.16.1.11 advertise-routes 
Status codes: u - unicast, b - broadcast, m - multicast, a - anycast
              * - valid, > - best
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

     Network              Next Hop             Metric  LocPrf      Weight Path        
*> u 0.0.0.0/0            172.16.1.1           100     --          --     65001 i
RT-HUB-1#

Команда «show ip route» с модификатором «bgp» отображает все маршруты, добавленные в результате работы протокола BGP:

show ip route bgp
RT-HUB-1# show ip route bgp
B     * 0.0.0.0/0          [170]             via 10.0.0.17 on po1.300          [bgp65001 2025-06-09] (AS65500i)
B       0.0.0.0/0          [170]             via 10.0.0.18 on po1.300          [bgp65001 2025-06-09] (AS65500i)
B     * 192.168.11.0/24    [170]             via 172.16.1.11 on gre 10         [bgp65001 06:35:01] (AS65000i)
B     * 192.168.12.0/24    [170]             via 172.16.1.12 on gre 10         [bgp65001 06:31:52] (AS65000i)
B     * 192.168.13.0/24    [170]             via 172.16.1.13 on gre 10         [bgp65001 06:31:41] (AS65000i)
RT-HUB-1#

Просмотр оперативной информации о протоколе BFD

Команда «show bfd neighbors» отображает актуальных BFD-соседей. Указание IP-адреса BFD-соседа отобразит более подробную информацию о BFD-соседе:


show bfd neighbors
RT-HUB-1# show bfd neighbors 
Neighbor                                Discriminator State     Interface       
--------------------------------------- ------------- --------- ----------------
10.0.0.18                               1981074375    Up        po1.300         
172.16.1.13                             1317697778    Up        gre 10          
172.16.1.12                             2842746174    Up        gre 10          
172.16.1.11                             4248109158    Up        gre 10          
10.0.0.17                               4277650140    Up        po1.300         
RT-HUB-1#
show bfd neighbors <IP-ADDRESS>
RT-HUB-1# show bfd neighbors 172.16.1.11
Neighbor address:                   172.16.1.11
Local address:                      172.16.1.1
Interface:                          gre 10
Remote discriminator:               4248109158
Local discriminator:                2527420142
State:                              Up
Session type:                       Control
Session mode:                       Single-hop
Local diagnostic code:              No Diagnostic
Remote diagnostic code:             No Diagnostic
Minimal Tx Interval:                1000 ms
Minimal Rx Interval:                1000 ms
Multiplier:                         8
Actual Tx Interval:                 1000 ms
Actual Detection Interval:          8000 ms
Number of transmitted packets:      17983
Number of received packets:         17971
Uptime (d,h:m:s):                   00,04:07:20
Client:                             BGP 
Last received packet:
    Desired Min Tx Interval:        1000 ms
    Required Min Rx Interval:       1000 ms
    Multiplier:                     8
RT-HUB-1#

Просмотр оперативной информации о состоянии Zone-Based Firewall

Команда «show security zone» отображает список настроенных зон безопасности:

show security zone
RT-GW-1# show security zone
Zone name       Interfaces                                   
-------------   ------------------------------------------   
UNTRUSTED       gi1/0/1                                      
MGMT            po1.250                                      
CUSTOMER        po1.100                                      
DMVPN_ISP_1     po1.210                                      
DMVPN_LAN       po1.300                                      
RT-GW-1#

Команда «show security zone-pair» отображает список настроенных пар зон безопасности:

show security zone-pair
RT-GW-1# show security zone-pair 
From zone       To zone         VRF                                Description                                   
-------------   -------------   --------------------------------   -------------------------------------------   
MGMT            self            --                                 --                                            
CUSTOMER        self            --                                 --                                            
CUSTOMER        UNTRUSTED       --                                 --                                            
DMVPN_ISP_1     self            --                                 --                                            
UNTRUSTED       DMVPN_ISP_1     --                                 --                                            
DMVPN_ISP_1     UNTRUSTED       --                                 --                                            
DMVPN_LAN       self            --                                 --                                            
DMVPN_LAN       CUSTOMER        --                                 --                                            
CUSTOMER        DMVPN_LAN       --                                 --                                            
DMVPN_LAN       UNTRUSTED       --                                 --                                            
RT-GW-1#

Команда «show security zone-pair configuration <LEFT> <RIGHT>» отображает список правил firewall для указанной пары зон безопасности:

show security zone-pair configuration <LEFT> <RIGHT>
RT-GW-1# show security zone-pair configuration DMVPN_LAN self 
Order:                         10
Description:                   Permit | ICMP | From ANY | To ANY
Matching pattern:
    Protocol:                  ICMP(1)
    Fragment:                  --
    IP options:                --
    Source MAC:                any
    Destination MAC:           any
    ICMP type:                 any
    ICMP code:                 any
    Source address:            any
    Destination address:       any
    Destination NAT:           --
    Application:               --
Action:                        Permit
Status:                        Enabled
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Order:                         20
Description:                   Permit | BGP | From ANY | To ANY
Matching pattern:
    Protocol:                  TCP(6)
    Fragment:                  --
    IP options:                --
    Source MAC:                any
    Destination MAC:           any
    Source address:            any
    Source port:               any
    Destination address:       any
    Destination port:          179
    Destination NAT:           --
    Application:               --
Action:                        Permit
Status:                        Enabled
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Order:                         30
Description:                   Permit | BFD | From ANY | To ANY
Matching pattern:
    Protocol:                  UDP(17)
    Fragment:                  --
    IP options:                --
    Source MAC:                any
    Destination MAC:           any
    Source address:            any
    Source port:               any
    Destination address:       any
    Destination port:          3784
    Destination NAT:           --
    Application:               --
Action:                        Permit
Status:                        Enabled
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RT-GW-1#

Команда «show ip firewall counters» отображает статистику срабатывания правил firewall:

show bfd neighbors
RT-GW-1# show ip firewall counters 
Zone-pair                        Rule         Action            Pkts         Bytes        Description            
------------------------------   ----------   ---------------   ----------   ----------   --------------------   
CUSTOMER/UNTRUSTED               10           permit            1            92           Permit | ANY | From    
                                                                                          CUSTOMER | To ISP-1    

CUSTOMER/self                    10           permit            0            0            Permit | ICMP |        
                                                                                          From ANY | To ANY      

CUSTOMER/self                    20           permit            1            40           Permit | VRRP |        
                                                                                          From ANY | To ANY      

DMVPN_ISP_1/UNTRUSTED            10           permit            0            0            Permit | ICMP |        
                                                                                          From ANY | To ANY      

DMVPN_ISP_1/UNTRUSTED            20           permit            58           27086        Permit | IKE/IPsec     
                                                                                          | From RT-HUB-1 |      
                                                                                          To ISP-1               

DMVPN_ISP_1/self                 10           permit            0            0            Permit | ICMP |        
                                                                                          From ANY | To ANY      

DMVPN_LAN/self                   10           permit            0            0            Permit | ICMP |        
                                                                                          From ANY | To ANY      

DMVPN_LAN/self                   20           permit            151          9060         Permit | BGP | From    
                                                                                          ANY | To ANY           

DMVPN_LAN/self                   30           permit            271569       14121588     Permit | BFD | From    
                                                                                          ANY | To ANY           

MGMT/self                        10           permit            0            0            Permit | ICMP |        
                                                                                          From ANY | To ANY      

UNTRUSTED/DMVPN_ISP_1            10           permit            0            0            Permit | ICMP |        
                                                                                          From ANY | To ANY      

UNTRUSTED/DMVPN_ISP_1            20           permit            59           13788        Permit | IKE/IPsec     
                                                                                          | From ISP-1 | To      
                                                                                          RT-HUB-1               

any/any                          default      deny              3            252          --                     
CUSTOMER/DMVPN_LAN               10           permit            28           2576         Permit | ANY | From    
                                                                                          CUSTOMER | To DMVPN    
                                                                                          Cloud                  

DMVPN_LAN/CUSTOMER               10           permit            18           1656         Permit | ANY | From    
                                                                                          DMVPN Cloud | To       
                                                                                          CUSTOMER               

DMVPN_LAN/UNTRUSTED              10           permit            14           1288         Permit | ANY | From    
                                                                                          DMVPN Cloud | To       
                                                                                          ISP-1                  

RT-GW-1#

Команда «show ip firewall sessions» отображает список отслеживаемых firewall сетевых сессий:

show bfd neighbors
RT-GW-1# show ip firewall sessions 
 Codes: E - expected, U - unreplied,
        A - assured, C - confirmed

Prot    Aging        Inside source           Inside destination      Outside source          Outside destination     Pkts         Bytes        Status   
-----   ----------   ---------------------   ---------------------   ---------------------   ---------------------   ----------   ----------   ------   
tcp     99           10.0.0.19:54300         10.0.0.17:179           10.0.0.19:54300         10.0.0.17:179           --           --           AC       
udp     179          203.0.114.130:4500      10.0.0.2:4500           203.0.114.130:4500      203.0.113.4:4500        --           --           AC       
tcp     113          10.0.0.20:52247         10.0.0.17:179           10.0.0.20:52247         10.0.0.17:179           --           --           AC       
udp     179          203.0.115.2:5064        10.0.0.2:4500           203.0.115.2:5064        203.0.113.4:4500        --           --           AC       
icmp    22           203.0.113.2             8.8.4.4                 203.0.113.2             8.8.4.4                 --           --           C        
udp     29           10.0.0.19:49171         10.0.0.17:3784          10.0.0.19:49171         10.0.0.17:3784          --           --           UC       
udp     28           10.0.0.17:49152         10.0.0.20:3784          10.0.0.17:49152         10.0.0.20:3784          --           --           UC       
udp     29           10.0.0.17:49152         10.0.0.19:3784          10.0.0.17:49152         10.0.0.19:3784          --           --           UC       
vrrp    59           10.100.0.253            224.0.0.18              10.100.0.253            224.0.0.18              --           --           UC       
udp     29           10.0.0.20:49163         10.0.0.17:3784          10.0.0.20:49163         10.0.0.17:3784          --           --           UC       
udp     179          203.0.114.2:4500        10.0.0.2:4500           203.0.114.2:4500        203.0.113.4:4500        --           --           AC       
icmp    24           203.0.113.2             77.88.44.242            203.0.113.2             77.88.44.242            --           --           C        
RT-GW-1# 

Просмотр оперативной информации о состоянии NAT

Команда «show ip nat proxy-arp» отображает список интерфейсов, на которых включена функция ARP-proxy, и для каких IP-адресов она будет срабатывать:

show ip nat proxy-arp
RT-GW-1# show ip nat proxy-arp 
Interface     IP address range                                
-----------   ---------------------------------------------   
gi1/0/1       203.0.113.3, 203.0.113.4                        
RT-GW-1#

Команда «show ip nat source pools» отображает список настроенных пулов IP-адресов и портов, используемых в правилах Source NAT:

show ip nat source pools
RT-GW-1# show ip nat source pools 
Name                    IP address          Port      Description   Persi   
                                            range                   stent   
---------------------   -----------------   -------   -----------   -----   
CUSTOMER_PUBLIC_IP      203.0.113.3         -         --            No      
RT-GW-1#

Команда «show ip nat source rulesets» отображает список настроенных наборов правил Source NAT. Указание имени набора отобразит список правил Source NAT этого набора:

show ip nat source rulesets
RT-GW-1# show ip nat source rulesets 
Name                               To                   Description         
--------------------------------   ------------------   -----------------   
SNAT                               zone 'UNTRUSTED'     --                  
RT-GW-1#
show ip nat source rulesets <NAME>
RT-GW-1# show ip nat source rulesets SNAT 

Description:                   --
VRF:                           --
To:                            zone 'UNTRUSTED'

Rules:
------
Order:                         10
Description:                   Source | CUSTOMER
Matching pattern:
    Protocol:                  any
    Source address:            10.100.0.0/24
    Destination address:       any
Action:                        pool CUSTOMER_PUBLIC_IP
Status:                        Enabled
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Order:                         20
Description:                   Static | RT-HUB-1
Matching pattern:
    Protocol:                  any
    Source address:            10.0.0.2/32
    Destination address:       any
Action:                        netmap 203.0.113.4/32
Status:                        Enabled
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Order:                         30
Description:                   Source | DMVPN Cloud
Matching pattern:
    Protocol:                  any
    Source address:            192.168.11.0/24, 192.168.12.0/24, 192.168.13.0/24
    Destination address:       any
Action:                        pool CUSTOMER_PUBLIC_IP
Status:                        Enabled
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RT-GW-1#

Команда «show ip nat translations» отображает список текущих отслеживаемых NAT-сессий:

show ip nat translations
RT-GW-1# show ip nat translations 
Prot   Inside source           Inside destination      Outside source          Outside destination     Pkts         Bytes        
----   ---------------------   ---------------------   ---------------------   ---------------------   ----------   ----------   
udp    203.0.114.130:4500      10.0.0.2:4500           203.0.114.130:4500      203.0.113.4:4500        --           --           
udp    203.0.115.2:5064        10.0.0.2:4500           203.0.115.2:5064        203.0.113.4:4500        --           --           
udp    203.0.114.2:4500        10.0.0.2:4500           203.0.114.2:4500        203.0.113.4:4500        --           --           
RT-GW-1#
  • Нет меток