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Основная функция SLA - выполнение тестов, нацеленных на вычисление таких параметров канала связи, как:
односторонние задержки;
круговые задержки;
джиттер;
потери пакетов;
изменение порядка следования пакетов.
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Протокол IP SLA состоит из 2х двух фаз:
фазы фаза контроля;
фазы фаза измерений.
Предполагает наличие 2х двух ролей:
sender (инициирует запуск теста с установленными параметрами);
responder (ожидает входящих соедиений).
Пример конфигурации
Рассмотрим схему сети:
Конфигурация ESR-SENDER
| Блок кода |
|---|
interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 |
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ip firewall disable ip address 12.0.0.1/24 |
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exit |
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ip route 0.0.0.0/0 12.0.0.2 |
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clock timezone gmt +7 |
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ntp enable |
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ntp server 192.168.1.1 |
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minpoll 4 |
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exit |
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ip sla logging |
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status ip sla logging |
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error |
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ip sla |
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logging jitter ip sla logging delay ip sla logging losses ip sla ip sla test 1 |
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udp-jitter 24.0.0.3 20001 source-ip 12.0.0.1 |
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num-packets 100 interval 20 |
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frequency 25 |
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packet-size 64 |
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dscp |
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30 timeout 4000 thresholds losses high 15 thresholds losses forward high 5 thresholds losses reverse high 10 thresholds jitter forward high 7 thresholds jitter reverse high 15 thresholds delay high 150 thresholds delay forward high 100 thresholds delay reverse high 50 enable exit ip sla schedule 1 life forever start-time now |
Конфигурация ESR-RESPONDER
| Блок кода |
|---|
interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 |
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ip firewall disable |
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ip address 24.0.0.3/24 |
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ip sla responder eltex |
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exit |
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ip route 0.0.0.0/0 24.0.0.2 |
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clock timezone gmt +7 |
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ntp enable |
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ntp server 192.168.1.1 |
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minpoll 4 |
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exit |
Просмотр статистикиESR# show ip sla test statistics 1
Test number: 1
Transmitted packets: 100
Lost packets: 8 (8%)
Lost packets in forward direction: 4 (4%)
Lost packets in reverse direction: 4 (4%)
One-way delay forward min/avg/max: 29/52/72 milliseconds
One-way delay reverse min/avg/max: 29/52/72 milliseconds
One-way jitter forward min/avg/max: 6/11/12 milliseconds
One-way jitter reverse min/avg/max: 6/11/12 milliseconds
Two-way delay min/avg/max: 58/104/145 milliseconds
Two-way jitter min/avg/max: 13/22/25 milliseconds
Duplicate packets: 0
Out of sequence packets in forward direction: 0
Out of sequence packets in reverse direction:
| Блок кода |
|---|
ESR-SENDER# show ip sla test statistics 1 Test number: 1 Test status: Successful Transmitted packets: 100 Lost packets: 0 (0.00%) Lost packets in forward direction: 0 (0.00%) Lost packets in reverse direction: 0 (0.00%) One-way delay forward min/avg/max: 0.07/0.08/0.11 milliseconds One-way delay reverse min/avg/max: 0.07/0.08/0.11 milliseconds One-way jitter forward: 0.01 milliseconds One-way jitter reverse: 0.01 milliseconds Two-way delay min/avg/max: 0.14/0.16/0.22 milliseconds Duplicate packets: 0 Out of sequence packets in forward direction: 0 Out of sequence packets in reverse direction: 0 |
Мониторинг
Все сообщения о превышении порог для установленных порогов, а также нормализации параметров тестовых потоков либо снижении уровня ниже допустимого занчения журналируются.
1) SYSLOG-сообщения можно перенаправлять на SYSLOG-сервер.
Конфигурация:
| Блок кода |
|---|
syslog host |
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192.168.1.1 debug udp 514 syslog host SYSLOG_COLLECTOR remote-address 192.168.1.1 severity debug exit |
Пример сообщений SYSLOG:
| Блок кода |
|---|
YYYY-DD-MMTHH:MM:SS+GMT %IP_SLA-I- |
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JITTER: (test 1) One-way jitter in reverse direction is high: 17.32ms > 15ms YYYY-DD-MMTHH:MM:SS+GMT %IP_SLA-I- |
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JITTER: (test 1) One-way jitter in forward direction is high: 10.12ms > 7ms YYYY-DD-MMTHH:MM:SS+GMT %IP_SLA-I-JITTER: |
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(test 1) One-way jitter |
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is high: 23ms > 10ms YYYY-DD-MMTHH:MM:SS+GMT %IP_SLA-I-JITTER: (test 1) One-way jitter |
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in forward direction is OK: 1.24ms > 7ms YYYY-DD-MMTHH:MM:SS+GMT %IP_SLA-I- |
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LOSSES: (test 1) One-way |
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losses in reverse direction are high: 14 > 10 YYYY-DD-MMTHH:MM:SS+GMT %IP_SLA-I- |
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LOSSES: (test 1) One-way losses in forward direction are high: 8 > 5 YYYY-DD-MMTHH:MM:SS+GMT %IP_SLA-I- |
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LOSSES: (test 1) Total losses are high: 16 > 15 |
2) Опрос по SNMP.
Для IP SLA доступны MIB-OID:
- ELTEX-ESR-MIB.mib
- ELTEX-ESR-IPSLA-MIB.mib
Конфигурация:snmp-server
snmp-server community "publpubl" rw
snmp-server host
| Блок кода |
|---|
snmp-server snmp-server community PUBLIC rw snmp-server host 192.168.1.1 |
exitПример снятия статистики по SNMP:
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestTransmittedPackets.1; Value (Gauge): 100
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestLostPackets.1; Value (Gauge): 8
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestLostPacketsForward.1; Value (Gauge): 4
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestLostPacketsReverse.1; Value (Gauge): 4
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayDelayForwardMin.1; Value (Gauge): 29
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayDelayForwardMax.1; Value (Gauge): 52
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayDelayForwardAvg.1; Value (Gauge): 72
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayDelayReverseMin.1; Value (Gauge): 29
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayDelayReverseMax.1; Value (Gauge): 52
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayDelayReverseAvg.1; Value (Gauge): 72
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayJitterForwardMin.1; Value (Gauge): 6
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayJitterForwardMax.1; Value (Gauge): 11
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayJitterForwardAvg.1; Value (Gauge): 12
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayJitterReverseMin.1; Value (Gauge): 6
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayJitterReverseMax.1; Value (Gauge): 11
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOneWayJitterReverseAvg.1; Value (Gauge): 12
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestTwoWayDelayMin.1; Value (Gauge): 58
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestTwoWayDelayMax.1; Value (Gauge): 104
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestTwoWayDelayAvg.1; Value (Gauge): 145
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestTwoWayJitterMin.1; Value (Gauge): 13
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestTwoWayJitterMax.1; Value (Gauge): 22
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestTwoWayJitterAvg.1; Value (Gauge): 025
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestDuplicatePackets.1; Value (Gauge): 0
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOutOfSequenceForward.1; Value (Gauge): 0
Name/OID: eltEsrIpSlaStatTestOutOfSequenceReverse.1; Value (Gauge): 0
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3) SYSLOG в SNMP-Traps.
Конфигурация
| Блок кода |
|---|
snmp-server host 192.168.1.1 |
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source-address 12.0.0.1 |
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exit
snmp-server enable traps syslog |